Description

Molecular cloning is the separation of a DNA sequence from any organism and its placement in a vector for amplification, with no changes to the original sequence. Molecular clones can be used to make large copies of a DNA fragment that is intended for gene sequencing or protein expression in order to study or use protein function. Clones can be genetically engineered in the laboratory, mutated, and altered in protein expression and function.

All fields of biology have been touched by molecular cloning, which is the synthesis of recombinant DNA. In many molecular biology laboratories, gene cloning has become a widespread and standard approach.

The introduction of various molecular cloning technologies, such as integrating DNA fragments and transmitting them to bacteria in less than two hours, or the use of replaceable gene strains that can easily move between different structures, has given this branch of science the greatest flexibility and speed. In the near future, capabilities in the chemical synthesis of any specific DNA construct in vitro will develop in the disciplines of molecular cloning and synthetic biology. These advances enable faster production of DNA structures and clones, accelerate the development of gene therapy vectors, recombinant protein production processes, and new vaccines.